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Technical Requirements and System Architecture of IPTV Services
Abstract:Delivering IPTV services entails a complex integration of a variety of industries as well as the support of network, computer, and image processing technologies. That is to say, the IPTV architecture should carry a myriad of services and technologies. In light of current telecom/TV status, the IPTV architecture can be set up on the convergence of the three networks to deliver comprehensive services and make Live TV, TV on Demand (TVOD), and Time-shifted TV services accessible on one platform. It also supports local and cross-regional user and service certification, provides EPG and smooth TV images and guarantees secured content as well.Delivering the IPTV service in China requires integrating the communication security of telecommunications networks, the content of broadcast and television networks, and the network features of Internet. Yet the IPTV is totally different from the following 3 points Traditional telecommunications feature person to person interactions while in IPTV we see a new pattern of person to machine communication from service initiation through termination. The IPTV allowing subscribers to customize their individual TV programmes, view them regardless the time and location. It is possible to control the speed of the program (fast forward or backward) that is not a feature of the traditional TV where viewers only can accept what prepared for them.IPTV has different business pattern and search technology from Internet services.To sum up, IPTV is a content-based new service endowed with multimedia features. The "newcomer" service of IPTV is now taking hard steps forward. Industry barriers, content shortage, defective delivery chain and immature business pattern are standing in its way. However, it still driven forward by market demands of not only telecom operators, but also the content providers and consumers
Technical Requirements of IPTV Services
requirements of IPTV services:
Quality of Service (QoS)The IPTV is a content-based real-time service that is expected to entertain the customers, which makes high QoS an essential piece in service delivering.
Source Codec
Service Performance
Business Pattern
Digital Security
To protect content providers? content resources, security management and copyright protection measures should be taken in the service system. Unified certification should be employed to suit customer nomadic feature.
Network Quality
The service bearer network and the access network should be able to deliver high-quality service, and the network resources should be knowable and controllable Generally, the IPTV service requires technologies that comprise information security, QoS, business pattern, content provisioning, service governance, network capability, source codec, and customer roaming. Every technical requirement is implemented with the support of corresponding technologies. In constructing the IPTV service architecture, it better to keep an eye on the future especially for those immature techniques adopted while supporting as many technical requirements as possible. The IPTV service network is to be designed as the new generation multimedia application platform that is open and secure and fully use the advantages of the current network and technology.
IPTV Service Architecture
The content operation system is included in the IPTV architecture because of the business pattern of IPTV. They are direct sales mode, distribution mode, package purchase mode or QoS-based subscription mode. The TV program providers and operators are the main source for current IPTV contents. Most present IPTV trial networks are providing contents through direct sales mode. That is, the user registers for certification on the IPTV platform to set up connection with the content operators; the content operators will then provide programs to the user.
The operation and maintenance system that also referred to as the management system of the service network is responsible in monitoring and governing the components of the IPTV structure. It is equipped with efficient QoS detection and fault detection tools to make sure of smooth rollout of IPTV services. The system is engaged in remote management of terminals, online version upgrade, and remote fault detection.The portal navigation system provides users with the interface for service access, live TV forecast, EPG and search of programs, movie/TV previews, and navigation/connection functions for other services.
The service management system is core to the service network layer. It works in the following aspects:User information management, including user accounts, service subscription, and user status.User certification management, mainly in authenticating uses? licenses.Program index management, that is, receiving the metadata, previews, contents, and price list provided by the content operators.Charging management, that is, keeping track of service status (duration and traffic volume) and generating bills needed by the accounting system.Service customization management, managing content source, multicast channel status, packageplan services, and price policies.Content provider/operator management, managing qualifications of content providers and operators, as well as the lifetime of content they provide.
The media delivery system delivers IPTV programs including storing and distributing programs. Once a user selects a program, the system transfers it to the user terminal. It controls the dispatching process and the streaming service.The security management system is responsible for content security and broadcasting security. The former refers but not limited to copyright protection, cryptography, and conditional access measures. The latter is applied in the process of playing that illegal plug-ins and interceptions are screened off.
The live TV service needs end-to-end bandwidth for distribution. Live TV is quite the same as digital TV in user experience. They are homogeneous services. This requires that the live TV have the same or preferably better image quality than the old TV program and the capability to switch from channel to channel quickly.TVOD is a service obtained from searching and it requires fast information exchange and multiple location across the network.Time-shifted service is stored first and retrieved later, it features replay of old programs, and fast forwarding of programs that being played. It requires capabilities of storage, channel identification, and network switchover.
As the IP network and the HFC network support totally different services, the IPTV bearer network need make use of their respective advantages to integrate the bi-directional interaction and the end-to-end bandwidth capabilities on a layered basis.At the service network layer, 3 basic services use the unified management and service platform but different networks of bearer access. Those services are the IP network for TVOD services and time-shifted services, the HFC network for media distribution of live TV services and the IP network for switching, certification and authentication of live TV services. The IP networks and HFC networks transfer information to user terminals. Set-top box integrates services as a final step in the service flow. Figure 3 shows the live TV service flow on the IP network in conjunction with the HFC network.The HFC network can provide live TV channels but then itdifficult to differentiate it for users. As the HFC network has broadcast-distribution capabilities, itunable to provide multicast that is similar to the IP multicast service. Yet, this defect can be offset through properly planned service structure together with user service management authentication, TV program navigation, and channel encryption technologies. Free channels are open to all users and need no authentication. Pay channels are open to authenticated users only. The paid program is provided to users in the following process. The user is provided with free EPG, introductions and previews. The user uses the EPG to select pay channels just as he does with the free channels, while subscription information is shown to the user. The channel is made accessible to the user for one day after subscription. The user has to subscribe to the channel over again if he still wants it for another day. Once a user subscribes to a pay channel, the security management system in the IPTV network sends a key to the user for accessing the channel on that day. The user cannot view the program even if he can receive signals from the pay channel, unless he gets the key. The chargeable live TV has its key changed everyday by the IPTV media delivery system of IPTV system. At a fixed time everyday, the media delivery system gets the key for the day from the security management system and the key works for the program on that very day. The service management system handles user subscription and the accounting system handles the bills. In this process, the HFC network is responsible for the media delivery while the IP network for the EPG preview, channel selection, subscription, and key acquisition.As to TVOD services, it uneconomical to send media streaming on HFC networks. For a single demand needs one streaming as one channel, HFC networks can afford that many channels. Therefore, TVOD services should be realized in IP networks.
Service Terminals
Conclusion