Frequency modulation (FM) is a technique used to encode data on an alternating digital or analog signal. The method includes varying the frequency of the carrier wave on which useful information is imposed or impressed upon. The signal on which data is imposed is known as the carrier signal and the resulting signal with variable frequency is called a frequency modulated signal.

Techopedia explains Frequency Modulation (FM)

Frequency modulation is widely used for radio transmission due to the fact that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is large in this method of modulation and hence radio frequency interference is minimized. FM signals are used in technology such as radars, telemeters, EEG, radio broadcasting, satellite communication and magnetic tape recording systems. The frequencies vary by up to 5 kHz in the case of wireless two-way communication and they vary up to several MHz in the case of wireless broadcasting.

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